Avoiding the Banality of Evil in Times of COVID-19: Thinking Differently with a Biopsychosocial Perspective for Future Health and Social Policies Development
Matilde Leonardi
(1)
,
Haejung Lee
,
Sabina van der Veen
(2)
,
Thomas Maribo
(3)
,
Marie Cuenot
(4, 5)
,
Liane Simon
(6)
,
Jaana Paltamaa
(7)
,
Soraya Maart
(8)
,
Carole Tucker
(9)
,
Yanina Besstrashnova
,
Alexander Shosmin
,
Daniel Cid
,
Ann-Helene Almborg
(10)
,
Heidi Anttila
(11)
,
Shin Yamada
(12)
,
Lucilla Frattura
(13)
,
Carlo Zavaroni
(13)
,
Qiu Zhuoying
,
Andrea Martinuzzi
,
Michela Martinuzzi
(14)
,
Francesca Giulia Magnani
(1)
,
Stefanus Snyman
(15)
,
Ahmed Amine El Oumri
,
Ndegeya Sylvain
,
Natasha Layton
(16)
,
Catherine Sykes
(17)
,
Patricia Welch Saleeby
(18)
,
Andrea Sylvia Winkler
(19, 20)
,
Olaf Kraus de Camargo
(21)
1
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta"
2 UvA - University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] = Universiteit van Amsterdam
3 Aarhus University [Aarhus]
4 EHESP - École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP]
5 ARENES - Arènes: politique, santé publique, environnement, médias
6 Medical School Hamburg
7 jamk - JAMK University of Applied Sciences [Jyväskylä]
8 University of Cape Town
9 Temple University [Philadelphia]
10 National Board of Health and Welfare
11 FIHW - Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
12 Kyorin University School of Medicine [Tokyo, Japan]
13 ASU GI - Azienda sanitaria universitaria Giuliano Isontina [Trieste, Italy]
14 King‘s College London
15 Nelson Mandela University [Port Elizabeth]
16 Monash university
17 The University of Sydney
18 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
19 UiO - University of Oslo
20 TUM - Technische Universität Munchen - Technical University Munich - Université Technique de Munich
21 McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario]
2 UvA - University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] = Universiteit van Amsterdam
3 Aarhus University [Aarhus]
4 EHESP - École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP]
5 ARENES - Arènes: politique, santé publique, environnement, médias
6 Medical School Hamburg
7 jamk - JAMK University of Applied Sciences [Jyväskylä]
8 University of Cape Town
9 Temple University [Philadelphia]
10 National Board of Health and Welfare
11 FIHW - Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
12 Kyorin University School of Medicine [Tokyo, Japan]
13 ASU GI - Azienda sanitaria universitaria Giuliano Isontina [Trieste, Italy]
14 King‘s College London
15 Nelson Mandela University [Port Elizabeth]
16 Monash university
17 The University of Sydney
18 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
19 UiO - University of Oslo
20 TUM - Technische Universität Munchen - Technical University Munich - Université Technique de Munich
21 McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario]
Matilde Leonardi
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 1376343
- ORCID : 0000-0003-0552-8923
Haejung Lee
- Function : Author
Marie Cuenot
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 1376318
- IdHAL : marie-cuenot
- ORCID : 0009-0008-3913-2656
- IdRef : 200405748
Yanina Besstrashnova
- Function : Author
Alexander Shosmin
- Function : Author
Daniel Cid
- Function : Author
Qiu Zhuoying
- Function : Author
Andrea Martinuzzi
- Function : Author
Ahmed Amine El Oumri
- Function : Author
Ndegeya Sylvain
- Function : Author
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic provides the opportunity to re-think health policies and health systems approaches by the adoption of a biopsychosocial perspective, thus acting on environmental factors so as to increase facilitators and diminish barriers. Specifically, vulnerable people should not face discrimination because of their vulnerability in the allocation of care or life-sustaining treatments. Adoption of biopsychosocial model helps to identify key elements where to act to diminish effects of the pandemics. The pandemic showed us that barriers in health care organization affect mostly those that are vulnerable and can suffer discrimination not because of severity of diseases but just because of their vulnerability, be this age or disability and this can be avoided by biopsychosocial planning in health and social policies. It is possible to avoid the banality of evil, intended as lack of thinking on what we do when we do, by using the emergence of the emergency of COVID-19 as a Trojan horse to achieve some of the sustainable development goals such as universal health coverage and equity in access, thus acting on environmental factors is the key for global health improvement.
